Sdafsdf - 1198 Words

HIST 415 Vietnam and the Twentieth Century Experience General Instructions for All Written Assignments Each week you will have a short written assignment. Though each assignment is slightly different, this should serve as general instructions for all assignments. Formatting: All assignments should be completed as Microsoft Word documents. They should be between 2 and 3 pages and be double spaced with standard indentation. The font should be size 12, Times New Roman. You should create a short title page including your name, the date, the assignment title, and the instructor’s name. The page limit does NOT include the title page or bibliography. Writing: Your writing should demonstrate both a factual understanding of the topic at hand†¦show more content†¦+ Unsatisfactory (less than 14 points). The student does not know enough facts about the argument, and does not use clear logic to support the facts they do know. 20 Points for Formatting Formatting refers to the student’s ability to communicate effectively within the paper. This refers to grammar, proper formatting of the document, and syntax. A student also receives credit for having the proper page length (2-3 pages). A paper with three or less mistakes will receive 15-19 points. A paper with multiple minor mistakes will receive anywhere between 10-14 points, while a paper which is presented too poorly to be considered a college level paper will receive anywhere from 0-13 points. I cannot overemphasize the importance of formatting in the written assignments. Always make certain to use spell checker and to reread your paper at least two times before submitting. You will be amazed at the number of mistakes you will catch this way. 10 Points for Sources Sources must be formatted properly in APA or MLA style. There is no set amount of sources needed, but a student must remember that they should be able to back up each statement with a reliable source. If you are using dates, statistics, or facts that are not common knowledge, it is usually proper to use a citation. Also, the quality of sources will be graded. Remember, Wikipedia and other open encyclopedias are NOT credible sources. Be careful what you cite!

Gun Violence And Gun Control Essay - 1851 Words

The issue of gun violence and gun control has been a rising issue in today’s society. Everyday there is another shooting, another standoff, another hostage taken, and another life lost. It’s a truly sad, heart wrenching reality of today’s world, but there may just be a way to fix it. A way to ensure that both pro-gun activist and pro-gun control activists get a little of what they want. To control gun violence we must make the requirements to own guns more thorough, ensure citizen’s right to carry, and increase resources for the control of illegal gun trade. Doing these things brings in a little of what both side of the argument want. Making it less of a hassle to buy and own a gun for those who meet the qualifications, while making sure†¦show more content†¦Qualifications to own a gun are an important part of gun control. There need to be certain criteria that everyone has to meet before being able to legally buy and own a gun. To become a legal gun owner everyone should have to go through three basic things. A background check, a Mental Health test, and a firearm safety course. According to Everytown Research, â€Å"Since 1999, the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) has blocked more than 2.5 million attempted purchases by dangerous people who are prohibited from buying guns.† As of 2016 there are only 20 state that require some type of background check before the purchase of a gun can be completed. For 20 state there are 2.5 million dangerous people blocked from buying a gun. That s roughly 125,000 purchases blocked per state. If background checks were required by every stat e, there would be a projected 6,250,000 guns kept out of the hands of dangerous people. According to Everytown research, 67% of gun related deaths in the US are suicides, 6% of homicides in the US are done by mentally unstable people. There is one clear way to decrease these numbers, Mental Health testing. If all the states in the US had a mental health testing requirement, then the suicide rates would go down as well as homicide and mass shooting rates. Keeping theShow MoreRelatedGun Control Will NOT Stop Senseless Gun Violence Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesGun violence in the United States is higher than ever, and criminals with guns will â€Å"†¦kill as many as 1000 people each day† (AlpersWilson). Taking this into perspective, it is only right to fight fire with fire or, in this case, use a gun to protect yourself and those around you. Gun control does not only decrease the ability for protection, it also decreases our rights as U.S citizens. The constitution clearly states that we are given the right to bear arms, meaning we may carry fire arms. Even Read MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1573 Words   |  7 Pagesissue being gun control and how guns affect and/or end lives, the even bigger issue though is the issue of how people can or can not write about gun control to educate the public. Gun Control is an issue that needs to be avoided when trying to persuade readers of an opinion for two reasons, the issue of gun control is a terrible essay topic because there are too many emotions involved in gun control debates and because in general there is no good research on gun control. The only essays and articlesRead MoreShould Gun Control Laws be Stricter?1336 Words   |  6 PagesShould gun control laws be stricter? Every day some news related to gun violence are being heard all over the world. Shooting in driveway, public places, schools, homicide and suicide are some of different types of gun violence. Shooting on people and killing them is a big issue in the world and different comments are provided about that. One of the most important of them is about gun control laws. Stingl (2013) says â€Å"The term gun control as it is used in the United States refers to any action takenRead MoreJust Take Away Their Guns955 Words   |  4 Pages Click-Clack-Bow! This is the noise of gun going off, something that is heard everyday. This very noise not only injures people, but it causes innocent people to die. Guns are the number one cause of leading deaths today. According to James Q. Wilson article â€Å"Just Take Away Their Guns,† Wilson states that both the President and public want tougher gun control laws (125). The only difference is that the public believes that it won’t change any thing. Wilson also believes that it would take a politicallyRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1374 Words   |  6 PagesAfter recent mass shootings, the gun control debate has reached the boiling point. We need gun control laws? Gun control, ownership, and laws should be changed immediately.†Did you know that 33 people are killed with guns every day in America? Something needs to be done about gun control because the death rate is steadily rising and guns are one of the leading causes of death in the United States. â€Å"One reason gun control laws should be changed, Gun control statistics reveal that although TheRead More Gun Control Laws - Should They Be Altered? Essay639 Words   |  3 Pagesshould be more gun control and the possibility of banning guns all together, I believe the gun control laws should not be changed. Although there are many reasons that may persuade people to choose to ban guns, I believe that there are several other reasons that lead to all the tragedies with guns in America. Banning guns is not an answer the gun problem in America, there are a few other things that could be done to stop gun violence. In this essay I will tell about why I believe gun control laws shouldRead MoreThe Editorial Came Out Of The Los Angeles Times986 Words   |  4 Pagessupporting gun rights to come out of. It is traditionally a more democratic magazine and them having an anti-Gun Control editorial was a surprise. The editorial is a little older using the Virginia Tech shootings as the most recent incident in the United States. Also, he addressed what European countries were saying about the incident, and how they felt about This article uses all three of the rhetorical devices but the strongest is logos, which is the foundation of the editorial. The issue of gun controlRead MoreA Good Guy With A Gun882 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"It’s Really Hard to Be a Good Guy with a Gun† by Adam Weinstein focuses on the issues that surround having a concealed weapons license. Weinstein mentions that while he still has a concealed weapons permit he no longer carries around a weapon because he is unsure if he could appropriately identify the right time to use it. Weinstein also addresses how gun violence is increasing and how â€Å"good guys with guns† are unable to use their weapons to reduce this statistic by properly protecting themselvesRead MoreGun Control859 Words   |  4 PagesScholarly Essay: Gun Control There has been considerable debate recent ly in Canada over the issue of gun control. The Canadian parliament enacted the Firearms Act to enforce gun control by requiring gun owners to register their firearms. Just recently, the government of Alberta lead in a charge, including five other provinces and numerous pro-gun groups, complaining that the law is unconst... Gun Control Gun control Gun Control Part I:Introduction The issue of gun control and violenceRead MoreGun Control1724 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 1302 5th march 2013 Sides of Crime Control Gun control laws have been surrounded by controversy since The Bill of Rights, including the Second amendment was passed in the congress. A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, the founders wrote. Until recently there was considerable argument over just what the founders intended by their words. Did they mean to provide only for armed

Banking and Finance Article Summary Free Essays

Yu-Chen Lin 1521007128 Sec: 5351 Reading Article Taxes: Everyone should pay the taxes when they start to working, properly no one want to pay the taxes. In this article, it makes me know more about taxes, it show us many kinds of taxes. Mostly the countries are pay for two placed which are local government and central state. We will write a custom essay sample on Banking and Finance Article Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now Property and income taxes are usually what we should have to pay. This also let us know some rules of taxation by Smith, these rules makes us know how and why they set to rule in reasonable so make sure not many people will complain. Of course we know that if you earn more money you will have to pay more taxes. It’s very fair and those taxes we pay for government are making us have a strong and great country to live. Home-Owning and house price: In this article, it talks about buying the house and selling. As we know buying a house is not easy, sometime we need to borrow money from the bank and loan. Some people are using buying and selling house as a business. Related essay: Herbert Simon â€Å"Proverbs of Administration† Summary When the price of house is booming meaning that the price of the house will be going up, the easy way to know the price of house is high or not by looking at the economic of the country. So when we going to buy the house, make sure that we are not buying the highest price or else when you going to sell it the price of the house will be very low. Economic is the most important thing that we have to see while we are going to buy a house. Unemployment: Unemployment is a very serious problem that will occur in every country. There are many reasons that could cause the unemployment, the main reason that will make the high unemployment is economic, and also GDP, inflation or interest rates are taking some parts of it. The article tell us that the definition of unemployment. Unemployment rates is mean that the percentage of people who don’t have job. This can teach us know when unemployment rate increase and what we should do during the high unemployment rate. Environmental economic: In this article is telling us about how Environmental could be very serious that will affect the economic. The climate change is the main reason for economic. Taking the example on the article because of the global warming, the sea level is rising which cause the flood, when it’s the flood will occur, its will really effect the country or cities economic growth. Another problem is Pollution, mostly no one care about the pollution but the scientist has telling us we need to taking this problem serious now, because the global greenhouse gas is increasing about 15%~20% per year. Bond Markets: In this article, it is talking about the bond market. There are still many different kinds of bonds. The main reason that some of people choose the bond market its because the Bonds will makes you gets more interest back than the banks can give you, but its also have peril that you might lose you money because of the some reason like interest rate. It also telling us the origins of bonds, Nathan Rothschild is the smart man that using the bonds and he because very rich, he has a great influence and famous in Europe. After reading this article makes me know about the bond market and how does it work. How to cite Banking and Finance Article Summary, Essay examples

Application of Theoretical Concepts Free Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Coles Supermarkets Australia Pvt Ltd, a Leading Supermarket Chain in Australia Pvt. Ltd. Answer: Introduction The study has identified Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd, a leading supermarket chain in Australia as the organisation to be described. The supermarket chain business is owned by Wesfarmers. The company operates in multiple industry i.e. retail, consumer services, and supermarket chain business including 776 supermarket stores in Australia (www.coles.com.au, 2017). By identifying the current strategic management practices of the firm, the study has evaluated the impact of theoretical concepts on the existing management of Coles. Apparently, Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd has to deal with other market competitors such as Woolworths and Aldi as the price war of products increases in the recent years. Through the identification of theoretical concepts utilised by the supermarket chain, Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd has established its market authenticity. Therefore, the study evaluates the industry attractiveness, resource based review, and competitive advantage of the farm. Lastly, a list of recommendation has been provided to improve the current strategic practices of the firm leading to growth (Jie, 2010). Application of Theoretical Concepts Industry Attractiveness In order to understand the influence of industry attractiveness over the operations of Coles, the Porters five force analysis has been conducted. Due to the huge number of buyers and alternative options available in the market, the bargaining power of the buyers is too high for Coles. However, loyal consumers of Coles Supermarkets have been the major plus point for the business (Hawthorne and Low, 2017). On the other hand, Coles purchases goods directly from the farmers and manufacturers that reduce the bargaining power of the suppliers. Decisively, Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd has targeted the suppliers so that the profit margin of the company can be enhanced. For instance, the company has located producers and suppliers of products such as milk, vegetables, beef, meat, and other products that can be cost-effective for the business. As a result of the outcome, the pricing of products and quality of the items can be offered at the best rate. In this way, strategic cost-saving practices and low bargaining of suppliers have helped the business structure of Coles. Reportedly, the supermarket sales data in Australia has voted that the leading supermarkets chains have discounted the prices of products to be the first choice of the customers. Meanwhile, such aggressive pricing strategy of Coles has increased the market potentiality of the company (Ridge et al., 2015). The level of current rivalry is quite high in the supermarket industry. The supermarket chain business in the Australian market has attracted so many firms to take advantage of the target demographics all over the country. As a result of the increasing number of market participants, leading organisations associated with the industry have to face significant challenges. By considering the tough market challenges from the leading business competitors such as Woolworths and Aldi, Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd has implemented conceptual theoretical framework to draw finest strategic interventions. On the other hand, the level of substitution is high because Coles deals with a particular range of products that have a huge number of substitutes in the market. Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd has identified the market opportunities and the demand of the target demographics. Precisely, the company has valued the pricing strategy, facilities and services to get the attention of the target demographics. Meanwhile, the company has utilised the pricing theory in the product pricing to improve the business environment (Rotha?rmel, 2017). Precisely, Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd has never compromised with quality, to say the least. Hence, the goodwill of the brand has worked in favour of the company (Hawthorne and Low, 2017). Hence, it becomes quite difficult for a new firm to enter the supermarket business and stand against a market leader like Coles. Resource Based View The resource based views have been analysed in this particular section as follows: Resources Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd has aggressively utilised the human resources as well as financial resources to good effect. The management of Coles has utilised the employee skills to the serve the customers in a better way. The human resources have been given adequate sales training so that the workforce can influence the customers to change their purchasing behaviour. On the other hand, the financial resources have been utilised so that the condition as well as infrastructure of the business such as marketing, transportation of products and other facilities in the stores are improved as per the requirement (Hawthorne and Low, 2017). Capabilities The supermarket chain business of Coles has correctly identified the organisational capabilities such as brand name, quality of services, stores at major locations and professional workforce. As a result of the scenario, the management has increased targets for the employees so that the overall productivity and market share of the firm will be improved (Heizer, Render and Munson, 2017). Recently, the organisation has been awarded for showing exceptional corporate social responsibility towards the community. Understandably, such sustainable organisational capabilities have improved the image of the business towards the target demographics. Core Competencies Customer loyalty and satisfaction of the target demographics have been the prime core competencies of Coles. The company value the customers and respond to their demand so that the supply chain will be maintained at the highest order. On the other hand, the employee engagement has improved the overall performance of the firm. Decisively, the core competencies of the firm have elevated the performance of the retail business in the target market so that the company can stay a step ahead of the other market rivals operating in the Australian market (Pitts and Lei, 2010). Competitive Advantage Michael Porter developed the competitive advantage theory that analyses the competitiveness of a nation and its implications. The competitive advantage theory is an essential management tool used to understand the factors that leads to competitive advantage for a firm (Foss, 2007). It is important to note that a firm competes in the international market and not a nation. Hence, the theory begins with individual firms and builds up to an entire economy as a whole. According to Michael Porter, the four major determinants of competitiveness are presented herein below to understand the influence of the theory on the strategic management practices of the Coles (Doyle, 2009). Factor Conditions: The factors such as human resources, physical resources, knowledge resources, modern infrastructure and good financial position help the firm to seek competitive advantage in the market. Coles focuses on utilising its resources effectively in order to stay ahead of its rivals (Petit, 2012). Demand Conditions: The reputation of the firm and growing demand in the market for daily products is a supporting factor for Coles to seek competitive advantage in the Australian market. On the other hand, the economic boom has resulted in the rise of prices in the last two quarters resulting in price war in the industry (Hawthorne and Low, 2017). Related and Supporting Industry: Coles purchases its raw materials directly from the farmers and manufacturers that help the firm to eliminate the margin taken by the middle agents. Hence, it is the primary factors that help Coles to sell its products in lower prices (Hawthorne and Low, 2017). Firms Strategy, Structure and Rivalry: Coles has highly trained management professionals with modern infrastructure to attract its customers (Cole, 2015). The company has a virtual online store to enhance its market reach. Meanwhile, the high level of rivalry results in a price war that enforces the company to implement competitive pricing policy to gain competitive advantage in the market. Recommendations By considering the above analysis, the following recommendations are provided to the management of Coles Supermarket to enhance its market growth: Product diversification: The product diversification strategy is required to seek competitive advantage over the rivals. For example, the company sells particular brands and category of products that limits the number of customers (Smith, 2014). Hence, increasing the product range will enhance the customers and revenue of the firm. Focus over marketing strategy: Coles need to focus on digital and innovative marketing strategy in order to enhance the number of customers and retain the older ones. It can make use of social media advertising, Google AdWord and many other to attract more customers. Competitive Pricing: In order to survive and maintain its market positioning, the company needs to maintain the competitive pricing policy (Smith, 2014). As the company is operating in a price war environment, a hike of price may lead to a high level of profit for the rival firms. Hence, the competitive pricing policy is recommended to the firm to survive and seek growth in the current market. Conclusion Coles is one of the reputed and largest Supermarket chain businesses in Australia. The core competencies of the firm and the current strategies have helped the company seek competitive advantage in the market. On the other hand, it has several core competencies that have led to the success of the firm. Irrespective of the current success, the company needs to make changes in its current policy in order to enhance its growth in the long run. Conclusively, diversification strategy, modern marketing strategy and competitive pricing policy are the key to success for Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd in the upcoming years. References Cole, G. (2015).Personnel management. 1st ed. London: Continuum. Doyle, W. (2009). Situated Practice: A Reflection on Person-Centered Classroom Management.Theory Into Practice, 48(2), pp.156-159. Foss, N. (2007). Strategic belief management.Strategic Organization, 5(3), pp.249-258. Hawthorne, M. and Low, C. (2017).Struggling supermarkets rely on beer, babies and smokes. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/retail/coles-woolworth-aldi-in-battle-for-diminishing-shopper-dollars-20170124-gtxwgq.html [Accessed Mar. 2017]. Heizer, J., Render, B. and Munson, C. (2017).Principles of operations management. 1st ed. Boston: Pearson. Jie, Y. (2010). The Optimal Supermarket Service.International Journal of Business and Management, 5(2). Petit, Y. (2012). Advancing project and portfolio management research: applying strategic management theories.Strategic Direction, 28(9). Pitts, R. and Lei, D. (2010).Strategic management. 1st ed. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western College Pub. Ridge, K., Weisberg, D., Ilgaz, H., Hirsh-Pasek, K. and Golinkoff, R. (2015). Supermarket Speak: Increasing Talk Among Low-Socioeconomic Status Families.Mind, Brain, and Education, 9(3), pp.127-135. Rotha?rmel, F. (2017).Strategic management. 1st ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. Smith, H. (2014). Supermarket Choice and Supermarket Competition in Market Equilibrium.Review of Economic Studies, 71(1), pp.235-263. www.coles.com.au. (2017).Coles History. [online] Available at: https://www.coles.com.au/about-coles/centenary [Accessed Mar. 2017].

Lunar Park Review Essay Example

Lunar Park Review Paper Essay on Lunar Park Ellis began to read his masterful sense of humor and self-irony, and it ended with a Stephen King Vostan dead and bring to life the characters of novels davolno strange smeshenie- would never have thought that Ellis would write in a similar style of otherworldly but in the end all this is just the image he wanted to explain his character tends Ch their past (especially those connected with his father) and the fact that literature occupies a huge reservoir of his life that mixes fiction with reality Somewhere in the Institute ernete I read that the novel is autobiographical (many facts about the book Ellis hit a variety of dates, events) and to a certain point, I felt it, and as such, but then again when the anomaly began to pass all bounds, I stopped to take everything so literally .. .. Why is that from the beginning I thought that this book will end opredlenii good that Alice is older can become a part of this family, and not just a passing he would not have to return to their bright, but so lonely the world of the big city but as they say there is no b lo (I personally do not think marriage is grafting of happiness, but in the context of Chapter hero just needed a ponatseya this, the more that he wanted it) The end of the same I just knocked out of the rut and it filled me with a sense of hopelessness at .. . We will write a custom essay sample on Lunar Park Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lunar Park Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lunar Park Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Displays can do the next time .. novel made me at least some emotions already nemploho, despite the fact that I had to read it very, very interesting and swallow the way I did my fast davolno standards yet PL does not reach the level of American psycho.

Ethical Dilemma Essay Sample

Ethical Dilemma Essay Sample Essay on Ethical Dilemma If You Saw Your Best Friends Cheat on a Test, What Would You Do? Always remember that when you cheat or planning to cheat, then you always lose. This is especially when you are going to cheat on your exams because you are attempting to outsmart your professor or teacher by means of violating the rules. If you happen to see your best friend cheating, it is important to remind them that what they are doing is inappropriate. Cheating is not acceptable and therefore anyone who is caught cheating will face punishments from the teacher. The teacher is not the only one who will provide punishments because the school is expected to apply the same. This is because cheating is the most unacceptable form of offense at school because it can generate a public scandal to the community. As the best solution, it is important to approach your best friend and inform that their recent action is unacceptable. Getting caught could risk their academic status, especially if there is a proof to show to the school administration such as the principal. Promoting awareness regarding the consequences of cheating is implied because the best friend will soon realize that the value of honesty. As a best friend, acting as a guide is important because it shows how concerned you are to your friend who is drawn into an action that is not acceptable. This is instead of reporting your best friend to the teacher or school administration that he cheated on a certain activity such as exams. In this way, your best friend will feel that you seriously care for them and are now willing to follow your advice not to repeat the same mistake for the next school assignment process. The only concern is to know what is going on inside the head of that particular best friend. This is because they think that they are offended by the situation. Some best friends argue when their action is seen by them as the rightful thing. There are numerous reasons to consider because there are factors that influence a person to commit such behaviors, which forces them to commit such actions. Criticisms are sometimes not the rightful way to approach your best friend to take such actions. In this case, the relationship between friends is at risk for being strained. Telling your best friend that his act was wrong during the exam should be treated with a proper approach to ensure that you are going to tell them using the right approach as well as using the right word. Cheating is the mortal sin of education because it is an act of taking advantage of the subject matter against the practices of any academic institution. When a person cheats, they violate the policies of the school where they are currently learning. Students who commit such acts are usually suspended from school because it negatively affects the performance of the school. Disciplining the student in a right manner ensures that the response becomes subjective, relevant, and appropriate to prevent similar offenses in the future. Always remember that there were students who were expelled from the school because they were caught cheating in their previous classes by their teachers and school administration. Every offender offends the moral and ethical values of learning because they are taking advantage against the law’s implementation that could lead them to a humiliating consequence after committing an unacceptable action (Blumenthal, 2013). Reference Blumenthal, William (2013). Models for merging the US antitrust agencies.  Journal of Antitrust Enforcement. Oxford Journals.  1  (1): 24–51.

Foundation of knowledge and Profesional Skills Essay

Foundation of knowledge and Profesional Skills - Essay Example Objectives. The author aims to establish that contemporary slavery exists and that there is need for more fair trade practices, and to explore how select marketing communications can enhance awareness, influence consumer perceptions and create actions that foment anti-slavery activities, human rights and fair trade in supply chains. The Rugmark and Cafedirect campaigns from the carpet and coffee industries respectively provide model cases for the study. Assumptions. The author's assumption is that, "Changing the nature of the coffee market to introduce fair trade, rather than free trade, would have immediate impact on several stakeholders in the supply chain and symbolic importance" which could "also influence trade practices in other commodities/industries." [pg. 646] Method. An interpretive research design, spread over three years, was adopted covering site visits, interviews, and examination of extant policies, documents and trends. [pg. 646] Eisenhardt's (1989) eight-step procedure for theory development was used. Analysis was done by a process of coding, memoing, and developing propositions, which were then confirmed through triangulation. When ambiguity arose respondents were invited to comment on the author's theoretical developments. The public confusion regarding the terms 'slavery' and 'fair trade' due to interpretations by various agencies is addressed by offering standard definitions. Slavery: People generally believe slavery to be a historical phenomenon abolished years ago. [pg. 648] Contemporary slavery is however a flourishing business despite its obvious cruelty and illegality (Lees, 1995; The Economist, 1996) and a matter of human rights. Anti-Slavery International (ASI) which works to promote 'the basic right of human beings to be subjects rather than objects' (Anti-Slavery International, 1995a) defines slavery as the status of a person on whom the right of ownership is exercised by capture, acquisition, disposal or exchange, tantamount to acts of trading or transportation of the individuals. Fair Trade. Culled from interpretations of several fair trade organisations including the Fair Trade Federation (FTF) the article suggests that when organisations benefit artisans, work with co-operatives employing democratic principles, reinvest profits to benefit communities engaged in production, and work towards moving more processes to the Third World, it constitutes fair trade [pg. 643] and their products display a fair trade label. The Rugmark and Cafedirect Campaigns. The Rugmark Campaign espoused by ASI in 1994 is an illustration within the UK of interconnections between the first and third worlds. A Rugmark label on hand-knotted carpets from India indicates that no child labour was used during production, and that workers were paid the prescribed minimum wages. The author agrees that the ASI initiative was intended more to convey to the developed world the alienation suffered by 'slaves' lacking the basic human right of freedom and how their efforts to merely subsist sometimes impacted environment, making it a green issue also, than an utopian effort to close the North-South divide. [pg. 650] As for Cafedirect, UK's pioneering fair trade coffee brand, its phenomenal success (4% market share since launch in 1992) was attributed to the impact on distributors and

Walmarts Expansion in Africa Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Walmarts Expansion in Africa - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that Walmart, the biggest US retailer has been successful through its global strategy of acquiring partners through subsidiaries in various countries like Mexico, China, Canada, and Argentina. Recently, Walmart acquired a majority stake in Massmart Holdings Ltd. in 2011. Massmart operates more than 350 stores in South Africa and 11 other sub-Saharan countries. Brands include Game, Dion Wired, Makro, Kangela, Builders Warehouse, Builders Express, Builders Trade Depot, CBW, and Jumbo Cash and Carry. It had been effective in pulling in the purchasers on an expansive scale through its approach of 'Every Day Low Price' (EDLP), client-driven methodology and support are given to clients to furnish a proportional payback things in the event of any deformity in the items. The clients were additionally tempted to buy vast amounts as a result of the low valuing when contrasted and the contenders. Walmart likewise offered an extensive variety of items and foodstuffs which was an alternate appreciation for the clients to shop under a solitary top. Through their global operations in Japan and Germany, Walmart had additionally learned lessons on distinctive shopper conduct. While Japanese buyers felt that a low cost was characteristic of low quality and did not belittle a large portion of Walmart stores, in Germany administrative confinements on the low-value method supported the nearby retailers prompting a disapproval of Walmart by the customers.

Marketing in the Tobacco Industry Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing in the Tobacco Industry - Term Paper Example The American cigarettes are natural and do not contain chemical additives such as Camel, Kool and Marlboro which are contained in other popular cigarette brands. Philip Morris International is a company engaged in manufacturing and selling of cigarettes and a variety of tobacco products in the outside markets of the United States of America (Wallace, 2004, pp. 440). Tobacco products sold by the company include hand rolling tobacco, pipe tobacco and cigars. It is the leading international tobacco producing company in the number of cigarette brands. The company sells its products in approximately 180 countries. The company’s markets are divided into four geographical segments: Eastern Europe, the European Union Region, Africa and Middle East and Canada and Latin America Region. Philip Morris International employs approximately 12,500 workers in the 9 factories owned by the company in 8 member states. The company sells both international and local brands which range from premium, mid-price and low price. Premium priced brands include Merit, Marlboro, Virginia Slims and Parliament. Mid-price brands are Chesterfield and L&M. international brands include Muratti, Lark, Next, Red & White, Philip Morris and Bond Street. Local cigarette brands of cigarettes owned by the company include Fortune, Champion and Hope in Philippines and Morven Gold in Pakistan. Liggett Vector Brands is a tobacco company in the United States with its headquarters located in North Carolina (Pampel, 2009, pp. 307). The company is marketing, sales and distribution agent for tobacco products manufactured by Vector tobacco and Liggett group. Vector tobacco is a cigarette manufacturing and a research company with qualified and experienced research and development specialists and a top tobacco management team who aim at developing and marketing innovative tobacco products. The company offers products under the trade names of Eve, Liggett Select, Grand Prix, Pyramid and Quest. Liggett Vector Br ands also offers assistance with engineering, purchasing and maintenance processes. The company manufactures a variety of cigarette brands and is compliant to the Settlement Agreement between the 46 states and tobacco industries. Liggett Vector Brands complies with the marketing and advertising restrictions contained in the agreement on prohibition of tobacco products marketing to the youth. In the mid 1990s, laws were set against big tobacco companies. This was the time when SFNTC had started expanding its operations. In 1996, the company moved to North Carolina where developed tobacco companies had started scaling back to tobacco growing operations. SFNTC started producing its organic tobacco when the organic food productions act of 1990, which required the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to set standards- accepted nationally-for organic products, had been passed. Since 2002, the company has been operating as an independent unit of Reynolds America Inc. SFNTC’s fields can be divided into two basing on how the company labels and markets manufactured cigarettes: tobacco grown under requirements of organic ideal and tobacco not grown under requirements to gain organic designation. SFNTC operates in an environmentally sustainable manner. All facilities in the company are wind powered. It is the only tobacco producing company that has earned the Green Power

Dyscalculia: Causes, Effects and Interventions

Dyscalculia: Causes, Effects and Interventions ABSTRACT This project suggests briefly about the Dyscalculia and the possible biological bases of dyscalculia and about the people who is suffering from the dyscalculia and also mentioned about the problems that are facing by the dyscalculic people in different fields of areas in their daily life. Coming to this case of Dyscalculia it is defined as the mathematical and arithmetical inability while coming to the brief description it is named as Number blindness. Here in this project we focussed only on arithmetical addition and briefly describing problems facing by the dyscalculic people while doing mathematical addition and counting of numbers. And secondly we are going to describe how does dyscalculia comes from and the reasons and explain the relationship between Dyslexia and Dyscalculia as there is a chance to acquire dyscalculia from dyslexia. The main aim of the project is to teach the mathematical addition rule to the People with Dyscalculia would struggle in doing arithmetical addition. Before starting to teach the mathematical addition rule to the dyscalculics I already studied briefly about the dyscalculia and how does it occur and what are the Types of dyscalculia that occurs to the dyslexic people and the deficits intended in dyscalculic people as they expressing while doing mathematical addition. Now a days Dyscalculia is the main problem that are affecting people up to some extent. But not as much this is the problem mainly occurs which is connected with Dyslexia. However one thing should remember that all the Dyslexics are not Dyscalculics although 40% of dyscalculia occurs from dyslexia. In this project to overcome Dyscalculia particularly in the arithmetical addition and to teach the mathematical addition to the dyscalculics I designed application software in Flash with visual graphical design with the help of a colourful Cuisenaire rods. By studying about the previous sources that are useful to teach the maths addition which were designed by some experts in dyscalculia studies such as Brian Butterworth and some other experts on dyscalculia the teaching designs like Phonological loop, Visio spatial sketch pad etc,. Hence by following some of that specific designs in my view and I designed an understanding design to teach mathematical addition rule to dyscalculia people. This includes brief understanding and attractive designs that can impress the dyscalculic and make them enthusiastically towards to the learning of mathematical addition from the basic adding to the high level digits adding that means starting from single digit adding to higher level adding. For this we need to train them on the Cuisenaire rods and the colours and values which was assigned to them and then we need to teach them first by running the application software automatically and I designed the whole process of addition in this software from the advanced stage to the stage of getting result. After that I am conducting a quiz to test their ability and grip on addition after teaching by using the designed application. I hope this design can help the dyscalculia to overcome arithmetical addition inability up to a greater extent. Introduction First of all before starting of my project this document reflects and introduce about the project from its advanced stage to the conclusion in a simple and briefly explanation on which concept that I am doing my project. I started my dissertation on a special concept of human disabilities which is known as Dyslexia and its further effects on human life prospectus. Especially this discuss about the defect on humankind that are suffering with mathematical and arithmetical difficulties known as Dyscalculia. The effect of dyscalculia mainly refers the lacking of mathematical skills and concepts such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Dyscalculia is the major problem that is affecting the human life in our daily activities mainly focuses on inability of basic mathematical concepts of adding and counting of things which performs vulnerable and inefficient out coming result while doing calculations and normal counting in our daily life The main aim of the project is to help the people who are suffering from Dyscalculia and its deficits. To perform the activities that can help to understand the mathematical concepts and to overcome the deficits of dyscalculia that is affecting the people in their real life. The way of designing and the implementation of the project can be able to pave the way for finding the right solution to solve the problems of dyscalculic people with which they are suffering and to overcome their deficits with which are having individually and its total scope is to enhance the possible ways of teaching methods of addition particularly for the dyscalculic in an understanding and in a possible way which can be capable by the dyscalculic. The whole project is designed as user friendly and can be able to the dyscalculic people who are suffering with learning difficulties particularly in arithmetic addition that is adding of numbers starting from the adding of single digit to the higher level addition. In the advanced stage of the project we introduced the design with colourful Cuisenaire rods with attractive colours so by introducing attractive features into the design so that the dyscalculics can show their interest on learning addition very faster and can show the efficiency to get the output result correctly with satisfaction. The entire work of the project is based on teaching of mathematical addition in an understanding way to the dyscalculic people with learning difficulties in mathematical addition. Particularly in adding and counting of numbers according to the situations in their daily life. The possible steps in designing the project which is very useful to dyscalculic; The simple way of designing the project can be easily to understand by the dyscalculic people. Operation is user friendly to dyscalculics Introduction of special features can attract the dyscalculics towards the learning process. They can show their interest on mathematical addition and can learn easily by understanding. Back ground; Dyscalculia; What is Dyscalculia; Dyscalculia is mainly defined as difficulties with numbers it is identified as the difficulty in counting the numbers and things fast and fluently with lack of grasping power. Why the people with dyscalculia are different? Individuals with dyscalculia have specific difficulty with numbers, despite exhibits good results in other areas. They may have great difficulties with counting and adding the numbers. The example of an arithmetic addition2+4 or 4+2 Prices in the shops like tendering the money and taking the change correctly. Normal identification of numbers and what those represent, e.g. which is bigger, 2500 or 2770? Does 100+100 = approximately 200 or2000. Judging of numbers instantly for example seeing there are 5 glasses on the table normal people can count immediately and respond quickly where as the dyscalculic need to count them and to respond slowly. Phone numbers, seeing of dates , time etc,. It shows that people having dyscalculia has to struggle to achieve successful goals in the field of employment than having disability. Dyscalculia is the main learning problem that affecting many individuals and it is termed as the learning of mathematic disability by the disabled. It states that dyslexia is identified as the difficulties in reading written text fast and fluently with lack of grasping capacity. On the other hand dyscalculia refers the difficulties with handling and carrying out specific mathematical operations such as addition, multiplication, subtraction, division. Relation between dyslexia and dyscalculia: Here the relation between dyslexia and dyscalculia is very obvious. However, there are some points of overlap. There is a variant of dyscalculia that could be called as dyslexic dyscalculia. This problem involves primarily difficulties in reading which leads to mathematical problems for the people and these are the problems that arise with reading numerical symbols or difficulties with reading with multi-digit numerals so that 14 becomes 41. If the error happens like this in the reading of a task then obviously the solution becomes incorrect. On the other hand dyscalculia can be recognized in the lack of mathematics concern the ability to quickly retrieve numerical facts such as adding small digit numbers like 4+5=9 from the memory. There are several indirect similarities between difficulties with reading and mathematics. A poor working memory is one of the more obvious. Dyscalculia is defined as the mathematical problems caused by working memory or evident in the tasks that must be solved mentally, in the head. In the time of calculation the student may run into great difficulties keep various numbers in the memory. The other case is problem of remembering longer instructions and commands. May be they can remember a short what was supposed to be done. The rest is forgotten, because the information was never stored in the memory. The earlier researches shows that people with dyscalculia also have dyslexia most of the people with dyscalculia can have only mathematical difficulties. And they have a highly specific form of a learning difficulty and many are good in reading. Nowadays the occurrence of both dyslexia and dyscalculia at the same time is diagnosed as icd-10. The most common thing in dyscalculia is the difficulty with the number order. Difficulties involve understanding and use of mathematical operations and concepts. People of large proportions with dyscalculia display problems with following calculations to reach a correct solution. They easily lose their strategy and therefore run into difficulties with complex mathematics. Students with dyscalculia can be able to solve mathematical tasks but with in a average time frame they are unable to retrieve numerical facts from their vulnerable memory and must expend a lot of energy doing The word dyslexia comes and originated from the Greek word Dys means impaired and lexia is a word. Dyslexia ranges from easy to severe conditions. There exist various forms of this disease. Therefore there are different types of symptoms of this illness. The individual features of every type are specified for every human being separately. In general there is no such a typical type of dyslexia. Dyslexia refers to be a learning disability of the brain especially difficulties in reading or writing and spelling and it is the disability of neurological disability. Due to dyslexia the main drawback is that the people with dyslexia failed to remember the name of the things or to connect the name of the item with the definition. Recent surveys revealed that girls are less dyslexic than boys. There are two kinds of dyslexia Genetic Acquired Genetic transfers with the genes and the second one that is acquired occurs to brain damage in the left hemisphere that is responsible for language areas. Possible causes of dyslexia; Dyslexia is widely recognised as having a genetic component for example if a one kid of a pair of twins is dyslexic and the other twin is more likely to be dyslexic in the areas specially in language processing dyslexia links with brain differences. Possible causes of dyscalculia; It suggests by evidence that dyscalculia may have a genetic component. If there exists dyscalculia in one identical twin most possibly there is a chance of around 70% to become dyscalculic characteristics in the other twin. For non identical twins there is a less possibility of getting dyscalculia around 55% only. Research facts of Dyscalculia; Brian Butter worth an expert in dyscalculia research facts; Simply Brian butter worth done some research on a particular person who has dyscalculia and he is describing about the situation of the particular person and his name is Charles. Brian Butterworth met Charles when his (Charles) age was 30 years old Charles is a good professor in psychology and getting psychology degree is an achievement for Charles. But entries to the university in the first place even though he is best he failed to normal condition for entry into the maths GCSE. Charles is intelligent and very hard-working. But he is very poor in number skills that always have been a severe handicap and shopping is a constant embarrassment he doesnt understand the product prices and unable to grasp the idea of the total cost of the shopping basket. When he comes to the till, he has no idea about the money how much to tender and to get correct change. At that time immediately he use to add and multiply his fingers, and he is unable to do the two digit arithmetic problems such as 47-19. The real surprise thing that Butterworth found here about Charles is he couldnt tell that which is bigger or which is smaller in a numbers list which were given for suppose 9 or 5 and to find the difference suddenly he started to count his fingers to work in out. Charles is an example and this condition is known as dyscalculia and this mainly affects the ability of acquire the skills in mathematical and arithmetical skills. Dyscalculic learners may face the difficulties in understanding the basic and simple arithmetical concepts like adding of single digit numbers. For simple arithmetical concepts they may face severe anxiety and they struggle to understand what is obvious to all their friends and classmates. Dyscalculics even if they produce a correct answer or use a correct method they may do so mechanically and with lack of confidence. This captures what many dyscalculics like Charles feel about maths it is incomprehensible. Dyscalculia is not only a problem for the individuals but also it is one of the effect to the nation and for some especially as from the published report of the basic skills agency shows that poor math skills is a bigger handicap to getting a job by having that poor numeracy the employee will transport the wrong number of goods and fails in the money transactions such as receiving or paid out the money. And due to this poor efficiency in calculations affects the particular company. The current estimations suggest that about 5-6% of average to the superior intelligence children will have a real deficit in doing maths. Dyscalculia seems to be particularly found in dyslexics around 40% of the people who struggles with reading difficulties also having difficulties in learning maths and the remaining 60%have no problems than normal. It was found already that there is link between dyslexia and math learning difficulties although the latter can occur alone. It is worth noting that learning about numbers is different from learning to read in an important way. We are born with basic numerical abilities. Infants, even in the first week of life, are sensitive to changes in the number of things they are looking at. We know this because they will look longer at a display when we change the number of things, but often will not when we change one of the things but keep the same number. Babies also seem to be able to do very simple arithmetic. If the baby sees a doll place behind a screen, and then another doll placed behind it, it can be shown that the baby expects there to be two dolls (1 + 1) when the screen is removed. Babies look longer at things they dont expect, and will look longer at one doll or three dolls in this situation. So there is evidence of an innate capacity for numbers. One hypothesis to explain dyscalculia is a lack this innate capacity. However we dont have a specialised capacity in reading by birth. Reading is a complex skill made up of various brain systems set up automatically to do the other tasks like language recognising visual patterns, sequencing, and so on. And some of these used to learn maths in school and deficits in them may also affect learning in mathematics. What we need urgently is a way of diagnosing dyscalculia, and separating it from all the other causes of maths problems, including inappropriate teaching. Once we can identify these children reliably, we can begin systematic research on how best to help them. Charles was not diagnosed as dyscalculic until he came into our lab, and, like many other dyscalculics, felt himself first to be incredibly stupid for not being able to do what all his friends could do easily. This was not good for his self-esteem, of course. After that he came to realise that there was something wrong, but he was completely immersed in the dark as what it could be. Better for his self-esteem, but of little practical help. We dont know there are how many cases like Charles, but we are slowly reaching there. Difference between dyscalculic and ordinary people in arithmetic calculations; Ordinary people; For suppose if there is a four dots or four things on a screener the ordinary people(without dyslexia) can identify the things which is on the screener and they can give instant reply with respect to the situation. So therefore the normal people can react very quickly and they can respond very quickly comparing to the dyslexic people. The grasping capacity is very good in the normal people. Dyslexic people (Dyscalculia); While coming to the dyslexic who suffers from dyscalculia cannot give the quick responses with respect to the situations like ordinary people. So to overcome this type of situations in dyslexic people we need to train them in such a way so that they can give their responses slowly in a particular way as the trainer and the people can understand a bit. In order to train the dyslexic people to overcome the problem of arithmetical difficulties we should introduce some specific designs which is very user friendly and comfortable to hold by the dyslexic people particularly who is suffering with dyscalculia. And the designing aspects should be able to overcome their deficits. Mathematical grasping capacity; This describes the mathematical ability of the dyslexic people and their mental ability of doing the mathematical calculations mainly the people who is suffering with dyscalculia. For suppose if we introduce any four kinds of things in front of the dyslexic people they cannot give the quick response by counting the things so they will take time to count one by one and starts 1,2,3,4 and will give the response very slowly as 1+1+1+1=4 So people suffering with dyscalculia unable to do bigger calculations like adding numbers which is in big units like 234+432 so therefore we need to train them in such a way from the earlier stages of addition like adding single digits 1+2=3 so we need to begin from the earlier stages of addition. And after that by observing their progress we should train them to the further stages like adding double digits and then 100s and 1000s and so on. Its very important to train them with respect their progress by observing their progress we can easily calculate their mental ability of doing the calculations and thereby we can implement the teaching techniques which can very easily and comfortable to the dyslexic people. So by introducing the new and comfortable techniques of teaching the people (dyslexic) can easily do the mathematical addition. Teaching of mathematical addition rule; To teach the Mathematical addition rule to the dyscalculia we need to train them in specific way. The mathematical symbol (+) is to be fix in their mind strongly. And to make them to learn its importance and its rule. Types and sub-types of dyscalculia; Developmental dyscalculia; It is referred as mathematical and arithmetical dysfunction in individuals with normal mental functioning, that results and occurrences of brain anomalies at the time of prenatal development. Discrepancy occurs between the mean mental age and math age there exists a neat and clear retardation in mathematical development. Problems encountered by pupils with dyscalculia; The will recognised and the observable things that generally we can find in the peoples with Dyscalculia are the learning and remembering difficulties in mathematical concepts like addition, subtraction, multiplication etc,. In this project especially we are focussing on the mathematical addition particularly and the difficulties which are the dyscalculics are facing in their real life in the fields of employment and in the living society and we had discussed the problems with dyscalcilia which they are facing in all the areas of everyday life prospectus. Leaving that matter about what we are talking above and coming to the point of the problems that are encountered by people about the problems of dyscalculia. The well recognised problems of dyscalculics; Difficulty in learning and remembering of mathematical concepts such as used in our daily life in our activities Ex; Addition In the time of interviews with teachers. Difficulty in remembering even up to the number bonds to 10 is the worst problem that pupils struggling with maths were up against. Difficulty in executing mathematics calculations procedures. In 1984 Russell and Ginsburg found a dyscalculic group of people struggling on both written calculation and arithmetical fact retrieval. In 1992 Yamashita and Aram found dissociation absence between arithmetical fact ability and procedural ability with numerical processing difficulties in pupil. In 1993 Geary suggests that procedural problems are likely to improve with experience and also suggests the retrieval difficulties are less likely to do so. And he proposes that the emerging of procedural problems is due to lack of understanding concepts. Problems of retrieval difficulties are the result of general semantic memory dysfunction. In 1999 Ostad has noted that the dyscalculia people use fewer procedures and often apply their smaller repertoire in the situations where they are not appropriate. Even the counting of simple and single digits were shown to be vulnerable in dyscalculic people Geary, Bow-Thomas and Yao in 1992 found that dyscalculic people are less likely to detect the counting errors than normal people. However, all these deficits occur by the lacking of the conceptual understanding of the basic ideas of the numerosity and arithmetical concepts. Good memory for arithmetical facts depends and can be able to convert and organise them into meaningful patterns. And coming to the poor memory it can arise when the fact make little sense to the people. The known information from the dyscalculic people was heard badly by themselves is that they cant remember what the teacher is saying about the mathematics. Even some simple tasks like counting and adding single digit numbers dyscalculic people show a kind of rigidity. Geary, Bow-Thomas and Yao in 1992 found that counting should do perfectly from left to right without skipping around. From all these we can find right thing from all these authors observations and description we should note very important thing here is that these people ( Dyscalculics) cant understand the conceptual things in mathematics. Coming to the normal people can understand quickly that objects can count in any order. Underlying processing deficits; It is one kind of the approach to study about developmental dyscalculia and this involves trying to see it as a consequence of cognitive deficits based on the understanding of the mathematical and arithmetic concepts. And all of these proposals have included. Weak phonetic representations An advantage of this approach is there is a possibility of finding exactly the co-morbidity between dyscalculia and dyslexia, as we can find that dyslexics known to suffer from these conditions. Geary and colleagues suggested that semantic memory difficulties are the main cause for the problems of developmental dyscalculics which they are experiencing in number facts. As well as the co-morbid reading difficulties frequently found with dyscalculia. It shows the evidence particularly the argument is based that dyscalculic people have the difficulties in learning and remembering arithmetic facts that this deficit occur by lacking of understanding of math concepts. Empirical evidence for a general semantic deficit in dyscalculic people is thin. In 2002 temple and Sherwood recognises that a group of dyscalculic people are suffering with arithmetical difficulties were slower at colour and object naming than controls. This comes to know their speed and accessibility is very low. However the authors argued a casual relationship between the arithmetical ability and the speed of access It shows that People may be slower especially dyscalculics while the time of processing information in 1997 Jordan and Montana showed that the dyscalculic people can do the mathematical calculation on being unlimited time but they cant perform like the normal people whereas normal people can do significantly in case of time limit In 1999 Mclean and Hitch compared the dyscalculia between the younger and the older people and found that the older people is performing the accuracy than the younger people in the time of solving the arithmetical and mathematical calculation. It reveals that the performance of the older people acquired due to the experienced things which they faced before in their daily life which is continuing from their early starting from the childhood. In 1989 Siegel and Ryan found that people with dyscalculia showing their weak performance only in the fields of arithmetic and mathematical fields such as counting and adding of numerical things but not in the fields of non-numeric. On the other hand that found the spatial working memory and some aspects of central executive function were poorer in the dyscalculic people. Moreover, in2002 temple and Sherwood tested dyscalculic people and controls on forward and backward digit span, word span and corsi blocks (a non-verbal test of working memory). This study reveals there is no difference between groups and no correlation between the working memory measures and arithmetic ability measures. SUBTYPING DYSCALCULIA; The study of developmental dyscalculia has evolved to its new division of approaching to identify dyscalculic subtypes according to the presence or absence of other disorders, in an attempt to highlight the underlying processes that are contributing to the co-morbidity of the disorders. One of the things that we should note is the important correlate of mathematic disability is reading disability. It is estimated that at about 40% who is suffering from the dyslexics also have dyscalculic problems with learning difficulties in mathematics. The one of the most common ways of dyscalculic sub typing is according to whether or not they have a co-morbid reading disability. The conditions that have been associated with dyscalculia are stated below. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Badian, 1983;Rosenberg, 1989; Shalev, Manor and Gross-Tsur, 1997); poor hand–eye co-ordination (Siegel and Feldman, 1983); poor memory for non-verbal material (Fletcher, 1985); poor social skills (Rourke, 1989) In 1993 shalev and gross-tsur examined a group of seven people with developmental dyscalculia and not responding to intervention. All the group of seven people were suffering from additional neurological conditions, up to dyslexia starting from petit mal seizures and is mentioned as ADHD. DEFICITS OF DYSCALCULIA; Phonological processing in dyslexia In the main case studies of dyslexia phonological processing takes an important role compare to other disorders like sensor motor disorder. This survey was again confirmed by the recent survey shows the 100 percent of samples for dyslexia was affected. This survey had an argument is that theory of phonological processing was the tautology compare it as an explanation. That phonology and the reading of the dyslexia are the two sides of the same coin. That means this awareness was explained more by the reading skill. If the phonological deficit was Leeds to a problem along with the phoneme awareness. The main problems of dyslexics of the phonological problems are rapid naming and the verbal short term memory. This is related to reading. In this we can understand that phonological awareness and the rapid naming deficits are the relatively independent. Phonology does not reduce to the awareness of naming and memory. Some of the aspects for the phonology dyslexics remain to be investigated. ADHD: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is presented in the childrens. This is to cause the neurodevelopment disorder. This also most studied part for the people. ADHD public health dimensions are received relatively little interest. According to the survey of epidemiologic the distribution of ADHD around the population by the age, sex, and race and according to the socio economic status. The origins of the risk factors are preventable. In this scenario we are going to discuss few of the independent concepts those having independent case of definition for ADHD. Summarizing the epidemiologic data regarding prevalence. In the literature key gaps were identified and ended with few suggestions for the epidemiogic research. Magnocellular deficit Due to the perceptual deficits of the dyslexia reliability is the one of the problem. With this performance Macarthur proposed the theory. This is one of the heterogeneity dyslexic samples. Mainly the magnocellular is made link with the cerebella dysfunction. These measures are become very hard to incorporate into the routine assessment of the reading. Cerebella hypothesis applied to the dyslexia. Those agree the phenotype. It is the research of phenotypes. With that we can clearly as showed the symptom complex. Auditory deficits; Auditory deficit is defined as the deficiency in one or more behavioural phenomena listed below for suppose deficit in. Auditory discrimination Auditory performance with degraded signals Auditory performance with competing acoustic signals Sound localization and lateralization These mechanisms lead to nonverbal as well as verbal signals and may affect many areas of function. Including speech and language and auditory deficit can delay the maturation in the development of the important auditory centres within the brain. The deficits are related to maturity differences in the developing stages of the brain. And usually auditory deficits represents more static types of problems and these deficits can be caused by tumours, trauma, degenerative disorders, viral infections, surgical compromise, lead poisoning, lack of oxygen auditory deprivation, and so forth. Prevalence of auditory deficits is estimated to be between 2 and 3% and we can observe more in males is often co-exists with other disabilities. And they include speech and language disorders or delays, learning disabilities or dyslexia, attention deficit disorders with or without hyperactivity. Dieted by the reminder of the hypothesis. Learning memory deficits in children; Children having learning disabilities such as dyslexia and dyscalculia. These are tending to may experience the core skills of the reading, writing and the arithmetic operations. These problems are raised at the first days of school. Even if we pass an instruction it needs to

Billie Holiday Essay -- essays research papers

To understand the controversy that Billie presented one must first go to the root or source of such controversy and examine Billie's childhood. Billie was born Eleanora Harris to her father Clarence Holiday and mother Sadie Fagan who were just fifteen and thirteen years old, respectively, at the time (A 91). Born between 1912 and 1915 in Baltimore, the date unsure, Billie grew up without her father, who moved away early on in her life. Billie and her mother used to fight a lot, when her mother was around. Much of the time Billie was left in the care of relatives or friends, many of whom were unloving (E). Billie's relationship with her family was very weak, as Billie throughout her life and career never or rarely got family approval or recognition (W 13). The extent to which Billie did not get along with her family is evident as she was chastised for her grandmother's death at the age of six (E). The turmoil within Billie's family was manifested when Billie commented later on in life that "As far as I'm Concerned, all the Fagans are dead" (W 14). This made her family very mad and lead to their further abandonment of Billie. Aside from the superficial tension between Billie and her mother, they did their best to remain loyal to one another and provide for each other (W 201). As Billie grew older, life grew harder and reality slowly became more and more real for her. At age 10, Billie was raped, further strengthening Billie's image of reality. As Billie grew old...